Ethnomedicinal study, phytochemical characterization, and pharmacological confirmation of selected medicinal plant on the northern slope of Mount Wilis, East Java, Indonesia

 Bhagawan WS, Suproborini A, Putri DLP, Nurfatma A, Putra RT.

Abstract: Ethnomedicinal study, phytochemical characterization, and pharmacological confirmation of selected medicinal plant on the northern slope of Mount Wilis, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4303-4313. The traditional usage of plants in ethnomedicine is a valuable resource for human primary healthcare. The effectiveness of herbal medicines and the creation of new drugs are proven by pharmacological and phytochemical verification. This study documented the traditional ethnomedicine knowledge (TEK) on the northern slope of Mount Wilis community in utilizing medicinal plants and revealed the ethnopharmacology relevance of selected medicinal plants. Data on TEK and its practices were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with informants who were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. The phytochemical compounds of the selected medicinal plant were identified using the UPLC-Qtof-MS/MS instrument, while their pharmacological activity was measured in antibacterial tests. The results showed that the community continued to apply TEK that had been passed down by the previous generation through a method called Gethok Tular. The medicinal plant species in the study area were diverse, 82 species from 39 families with various modes of preparation were used to treat seven disease categories. Tithonia diversivolia had the highest use value of 0.65 and it contained 23 phytochemical compounds. In addition, this plant has high pharmacological potential for antibacterial agents.

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Ethnobotanical knowledgeof Etlingera elatior for medicinal and food uses among ethnic groups in Aceh Province, Indonesia

 Saudah, Zumaidar, Darusman, Fitmawati, Dewiindriyaniroslim, Ernilasari

Abstract: The tribes in Aceh Province have been using Etlingera elatior for various medicinal purposes and as a spice in their culinary. Nonetheless, detailed information on the uses of E. elatior among communities in Aceh is lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the ethnobotanical knowledge among local tribes in Aceh regarding the uses of E. elatior for food and medicine. This research was conducted on eight ethnic groups in Aceh Province (i.e., Acehnese, Gayo, Alas, Aneuk Jamee, Kluet, Tamiang, Singkil, and Simeulue). The data collection was carried out by using semi-structured interviews and field observation. A total of 240 respondents (135 male and 105 female) were selected purposively to obtain local knowledge on the uses, processing techniques and modes of application of E. elatior for medicinal and food purposes. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data to determine the level of knowledge and plant parts used, both measured in fidelity level (FL). The results showed that men, elderly people and farmers had more knowledge about the uses of E. elatior as medicine and food ingredients. Traditional medicines made from this herb were used to cure coughs, sprains, postpartum and earaches. Makjun sejuk, pareng, lampok and tapal were the concoction used in traditional medicine. Stem and fruit were the most commonly used plant parts for medicinal herbs, while pounding was the most common processing technique followed by squeezing and grinding either singly or in a mixture used by drinking and rubbing. The uses of E. elatior in food were found in several local dishes with the most common use in a curry called Pliék U. Flower buds and fruit was the most commonly used part in food ingredients. Despite the unique and high uses of E. elatior among tribes in Aceh, the gap in knowledge, especially between the older and younger generations, might impact the loss of local wisdom regarding the plant.

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